Gars are unique examples of aquatic organisms with unique DNA makeup

Some fish species have undergone extremely slow evolution over millions of years. Charles Darwin referred to them as “living fossils” in 1859. A recent study published in Evolution highlights the molecular stability of this remarkable animal. Their genomes remain remarkably unchanged due to their exceptional DNA makeup.

Not all species are classified as living fossils. Coelacanths have shown faster mutation rates than some other vertebrates, such as elephant sharks and huatjin birds. Gars are characterized by their long, toothed snout and large size. Their slow rate of molecular substitution suggests minimal genetic change over time.

The researchers discovered that although molecular substitution is slow, it indicates a remarkable stability in their genetic makeup. The study suggests that processes in the unique genetic makeup of gerbils play an important role in maintaining their genetic integrity. Germs can effectively resist significant evolutionary changes by efficiently repairing DNA after mutation or damage.

Such evidence supporting this theory comes from observation. Found in rivers throughout Oklahoma and Texas, these hybrids are not only viable but also prolific. This remarkable ability to produce viable offspring despite such a large evolutionary distance highlights the exceptional genetic stability of gerbils.

The researchers aim to delve deeper into the mechanisms behind the DNA makeup of the germs. By introducing Ger DNA repair genes into standard model animals such as zebrafish, scientists hope to gain valuable insights. Gars serve as fascinating examples of “living fossils” that exhibit millions of years of evolutionary stability. Their unique genetic makeup provides invaluable insight into the mechanisms underlying evolution.